1. What is a pumping unit?

The pumping unit is a kind of machinery and equipment for oil extraction, commonly known as "kowtow machine, pumpjack , beam pump, walking beam pump, horsehead pump, nodding donkey pump (donkey pumper), rocking horse pump, grasshopper pump, sucker rod pump, dinosaur pump, Big Texan pump, thirsty bird pump, hobby horse". The pumping unit is the main lifting equipment in the rod pumping system. According to whether there is a beam, it can be divided into beam pumping unit and beamless pumping unit.
1. The basic features of the beam pumping unit are simple structure, easy manufacture and convenient use, especially it can operate in the oil field all day long, and it is reliable to use. Therefore, it is still the most widely used pumping unit, although it has the disadvantages of large acceleration, poor balance effect, low efficiency, large volume and heavy weight during long strokes.
2. In order to improve the motion performance of the pumping unit, improve the energy-saving effect, and reduce the weight and floor space of the whole machine, the beamless pumping units used in the oil field in recent years mainly include chain pumping units and wire rope pumping units.

(1) Chain pumping unit

In terms of structural principle, it is different from the beam pumping unit in that it uses a crank-slider mechanism. The working principle is that the power supply is powered by the power machine, and the high-speed rotation of the power machine is changed into the low-speed rotation of the chain through the reducer, and the special chain link is the main shaft pin slider mechanism to turn the rotary motion into the up and down reciprocation of the oil pumping unit to the rice rack. Movement, the deep well pump is driven to work by the rope suspension assembly that bypasses the sky wheel.

(2) Steel rope pumping unit

The appearance is similar to a chain pumping unit, but its principle and structure are different. It directly controls the motor to drive the drum to rotate forward and reverse through the control system, and drives the deep well pump to work through the rope hanger assembly that bypasses the drum. Long-term reliability problems and other reasons have not been widely used, and other beamless pumping units, such as hydraulic pumping units and crank-connecting pumping units, have also been tried.

2. What is the function of the pumping unit?

In fact, the oil pumping unit has the same function as the barrels that we usually build at home to pump water. The oil is pumped up by the swabbing action of a piston rod (sucker rod), and then sent away through the buried pipeline. The only difference is that the action of the rubbish rod is driven by a motor. Therefore, the main function of the pumping unit in oil exploitation is to lift the crude oil at the bottom of the well to the ground through the sucker rod and the oil pump.